When lightning strike or malfunction occur in power system, the grounding grid. It is shown that the design of the grounding grid is related to not only the soil environment, but also the rectangular shape. Pdf chapter 28 ground grid systems ground grid systems. The cdegsresap module was used to analyze the soil resistivity data and to model a multilayer configuration of the soil while the cdegsmalz module was used to analyze the ground grid. Chapter 4 presents the initial design of the grounding system. The design of the ground grid to control voltage levels to safe values should consider the total grounding system to provide a safe system at an economical cost. Substation grounding a project presented to the faculty of. Ieee guide for safety in ac substation grounding ieee std 802000. Made from polyethylene material which lasts the test of time, and will hold any type of aggregate or filling you desire to fill it with. Over the years grounding design terms and definitionsprocedures have. An introduction to grounding calculations and why they are. Pdf a new method of grounding grid design researchgate. We will explain some of the most common uses of fully featured grounding programs and show example results for a simple.
Review of substation grounding practices, safety and. Substation grounding grid design and analysis module is specially designed to help engineers optimize the design of new grids and reinforce existing grids. Ground grid can provide a common reference point for various electrical equipment. Pdf design analysis and optimization of ground grid mesh.
Design of grounding grid according to ieee standards. Pdf substation grounding grid design using alternative transients. Background information and guidelines to design a substation grounding grid will be provided. Mortezaeei 2 1 electrical engineering department, seraj higher education institute, tabriz, iran, n. The most important factor in terms of overcurrent phenomena is the sizing of the ground grid conductors. The design of the substation grounding grid is often carried out to meet the ieee. Designing for a low resistance earth interface grounding. Flexible design methodologies allow for quick autodesigned layouts or very detailed schemes.
This paper also details a ground grid integrity testing method that can be deployed to track the health of the ground grid. An air insulated substation is chosen for the analysis located in pakistan. This worksheet includes the block diagram which illustrates the sequences of steps to design the ground grid of ac substations and it is divided to 2 types of. Although the ground grid design was carried out according to the american standard ieee 80 guide for safety in ac. Im working on the expansion of an outdoor substation, and im looking for a practical guide to design the new earth grid. In high and medium voltage air insulated substations ais the electromagnetic field, which causes are the static charges of bare cable and conductors and by the atmospheric conditions surges, induce voltages at nolive parts of the installation that create potential differences between metallic parts and ground and also between different points of. Substation grounding design challenges and lessons learned.
Nov 24, 2014 design of a ground grid is part of the overall design of a substation. The protective scheme installed in any substation should be fully active to ensure its proper and accurate operation in case of any fault. Ground loop zgrounds from two different derived system are connected zopen ground loops. Ground grid mesh used under substation ground consist of horizontal conductors connected with vertical rods. Abstract the main purpose of this paper is to acquaint the reader with various types of grounding systems prevalent in an electrical substation and their importance. A new method of grounding grid design matec web of. Ground grid components ground grid modellingdesign basic shock situations step and touch tolerable body limit ground grid under fault conditions zero sequence analysis evaluating the grid performance current injection test soil resistivity testing ground grid resistance current injection testing. The use of a swage ground connection improves field safety, facilitates a better quality installation, improves constructability and project efficiency with time and labor savings in all weather site conditions. Our 2 thick ground grid is perfect for all sorts of projects. The process is a combination of science and art as opposed to pure science, because it is necessary to test the. Grounding grid design in electrical power substation using. Fence is outside of ground grid area and is connected to the substation ground grid. Design of a ground grid is part of the overall design of a substation. High efficient multicore parallel calculation allows fast analysis of irregular largescale renewable applications.
Substation grounding system design studies are increasing as available fault currents increase on todays electrical power grid. The most influent parameters in the design of the grounding system are. Optimal substation ground grid design based on genetic algorithm and pattern search by qianzhi zhang a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science approved november 2014 by the graduate supervisory committee. Our 4 thick ground grid is perfect for all sorts of projects. The function of mesh is to dissipate extremely high current generated in any scenario related to fault. Ieee guide for safety in ac substation grounding ieee std. Design of grounding system for an electrical substation. A ground grid mat study will determine if your substation grounding grid design is safe and will limit the touch and step potential to values below the ieee 80 standard ieee guide for safety in ac substation grounding limits. Optimal design of substation grounding grid based on genetic. Design of earthing grounding system in a substation grid. Std 802000 requirements of grounding resistance, touch voltage and step.
Lanzoni october 2007 introduction grounding or earthing is the art of making an electrical connection to the earth. The ground rods are driven in and the ground grid constructed before the surface layer of gravel is poured and the above. The design of the ground grid to control voltage levels to safe values should consider the total grounding system to provide a safe system at an economical cost 5. Design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and without considering seasonal factors using edsa software. Design of a substation grounding system for fast front overvoltage. Pdf effects of high fault currents on ground grid design. Ground grid systems software ground grid design ieee 80. Etap model for earth mat design etap model for earth mat design. Sep, 2017 an introduction to grounding calculations and why they are necessary. Tylavsky, chair john undrill raja ayyanar arizona state university. Grounding grid design page 1 substation grounding grid design using alternative transients programatp and aspix this example shows the method. In this regard, firstly 500kv substation is chosen for analysis of protection scheme with focus especially on ground grid mesh.
Principles of electrical grounding john pfeiffer, p. The fence is connected to a separate grounding conductor. The ground grid systems module enables engineers to quickly and accurately design and analyze ground protection. The grid itself consists of a number of ground rods and conductors with the. Pdf design analysis and optimization of ground grid mesh of. Pdf three dimensional grounding grid design researchgate. Effects of high fault currents on ground grid design. Optimization of grounding grids design with evolutionary strategies. An introduction to grounding calculations and why they are necessary. Fence is outside of ground grid area, but is not connected to the substation ground grid. Design analysis and optimization of ground grid mesh of extra high voltage substation using an intelligent software conference paper pdf available november 2014 with 1,427 reads how we.
Grounding system is built beneath the soil where substation is located. Practical guide for ground grid design electric power. The ground grid consists of horizontal interconnected bare conductors mat and ground rods. Advanced 3d technology integrates with oneline diagrams, enabling engineers to visualize their ground systems and seamlessly utilize short circuit results. Aspects of soil resistivity measurements, area of the ground grid, calculation of tolerable limits of. The next generation ground grid systems module enables engineers to quickly and accurately design and analyze ground protection. Design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and without considering seasonal factors using edsa software mithun mondal, dr r.
Fundamentals of ground grid design principles of electrical. Designing for a low resistance earth interface grounding roy b. Since the early days of the electric power industry, the safety of personnel in and around electric power installations has been a primary concern. Grounding design calculations part sixteen electrical knowhow. Optimal substation ground grid design based on genetic. From parking spaces, landscaping, and anything that needs to withhold a heavy driving load. Made from polyethylene material which lasts the test of time, and will hold any type of aggregate or filling you desire to fill. The basic design quantities of the grounding grids are the ground resistance rg, touch voltage vt, step voltage vs and the. The following data given in the table is considered for the substation ground grid design table 1.
Grounding design calculations part seventeen electrical. The soil resistivity, from which directly depend the resistance to remote earth and the. At the event of short circuit or any ground fault occurrence at any substation, the. It describes the detailed computer model of the east central substation grounding grid and shows how to use the malt computation module to determine the grounding grid impedance that will be used in the computation of the fault current distribution in chapter 5 step 2. Design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and.
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